Buruknya Layanan dalam Kerangka Otonomi Khusus: Apakah Papua Masih Memiliki Kesempatan untuk Berkembang?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v11i3.40754Keywords:
Otonomi Khusus, Provinsi Papua, Layanan DasarAbstract
Pembangunan daerah di Provinsi Papua dalam kerangka otonomi khusus belum memiliki capaian signifikan meskipun telah berjalan selama dua puluh tahun. Kajian ini bertujuan merumuskan solusi atas belum otimalnya capaian pembangunan layanan dasar (pendidikan dan kesehatan) di Provinsi Papua dalam kerangka otonomi khusus. Metode yang digunakan berupa metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan naratif melalui studi kepustakaan. Data dan literatur dikumpulkan dari beberapa kajian bereputasi dengan topik kata kunci “otonomi khusus”, “layanan dasar”, dan “Provinsi Papua”. Analisa dilakukan dengan teknik triangulasi data dan literatur hasil penelitian untuk kemudian peneliti menarik sintesis dari setiap garis besar fokus kajian secara sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingginya dana otonomi khusus telah berkorelasi dengan peningkatan capaian pembangunan seperti IPM dan peningkatan lauanan dasar (pendidikan dan kesehatan), namun signifikansinya sangat rendah. Pada Undang-Undang Otonomi Khusus terbaru, Provinsi Papua berkesempatan besar dalam berkontestasi secara nasional mengingat adanya peningkatan alokasi anggaran otonomi khusus guna mengakselerasi pola pembangunan. Sebagai alternative rekomendasi, kajian ini menawarkan alternative solusi berupa perbaikan pemahaman esensi otonomi khusus yang bukan hanya dari perspektif fiscal, perbaikan model mekanisme transfer dan pengawasan, intensifikasi dan optimalisasi koordinasi pemerintah dengan pemerintah daerah dalam kerangka pembangunan pos-pos strategis pembangunan, dan meninjau ulang terkait dasar petunjuk pelaksanaan dan petunjuk teknis sebagai pedoman. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya perbaikan pada aspek-aspek strategis dalam pengembangan layanan dasar di Papua melalui mekanisme solusi yang direkomendasikan.
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