Generasi Muda, Kapital Digital dan Kesenjangan Sosial di Era Industri 4.0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v11i3.46023Keywords:
Generasi Muda, Revolusi Industri 4.0, Kapital Digital, Kesenjangan Sosial, IndonesiaAbstract
Penganut neo-developmentalisme berpandangan bahwa seiring dengan perkembangan revolusi industri 4.0, teknologi digital dan kepemilikan kapital digital dapat membawa kemakmuran serta menawarkan masa depan yang lebih baik, khususnya bagi generasi muda. Sebaliknya, kami berpendapat bahwa pandangan tersebut tidak realistis dan merupakan wujud optimisme yang berlebihan. Melalui artikel ini, kami menyuguhkan pembacaan dan analisa kritis terhadap cara pandang yang dianut oleh rezim neo-developmentalis tersebut dengan berbasis pada data survei nasional dari responden yang terpilih melalui metode multistage random sampling di 34 provinsi di Indonesia serta data wawancara mendalam yang bersumber dari delapan informan sebagai representasi generasi muda. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada April-Agustus 2021. Dengan menggunakan sintesa perspektif generasi sosial dari Woodman and Wyn dan penganut Bourdieusian serta kapital digital dari Ragnedda and Ruiu, temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas generasi muda masih dihadapkan pada adanya ketidakmerataan distribusi kapital digital, sosial, budaya maupun ekonomi terutama pada masa transisi menuju dunia kerja. Di sisi lain, generasi muda dipaksa mengikuti generational doxa berbasis teknologi digital jika ingin survive dalam ranah kerja tersebut. Ketidakmampuan dalam beradaptasi diantara mereka cenderung dinilai oleh generasi muda akan memunculkan kesenjangan sosial baru. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa optimism terhadap teknologi digital merupakan klaim yang berlebihan dan terlalu bersimpati pada cara pandang generationalism. Pandangan semacam ini cenderung mereduksi kompleksitas pengalaman generasi muda di Indonesia.
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