Perubahan Kandungan Antioksidan Kacang Gude (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) pada Proses Fermentasi Tempe Gude
Keywords:
Antioxidant1, Fermentation2, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.)3.Abstract
Production process of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) tempeh follows several treatment including peeled off, soaked, boiled, and fermented which cause changes of the antioxidant content of pigeon pea (C. cajan (L) Millsp.). pigeon pea is used as the main material for tempeh fermentation in this study which aims to analyze the the changes of antioxidant content in pigeon pea during each treatment. Antioxidant content was analyzed by DPPH phytochemical compound qualitative and quantitative detection. During the soaking process, reduction of antioxidant content was observed. Prior to soaking step, pigeon pea had 9,090% of antioxidant content, this reduced to 9,020% after soaking process and decrease further to 6,146% after boiling process and decrease to 3.236% after fermentation process. Gude seed has a fenolik and flavonoid while tempeh gude has saponin and falvonoid. Soaking, boiling, and fermentation process has proven to reduce the antioxidant content of pigeon pea..
References
Amarowicz, R., M. Naczk, dan F. Shahidi. 2000. Antioxidant Activity of Crude Tannins of Canola dan Rapeseed Hulls. JAOCS, Vol. 77 (9): 957-961.
Ashok, k. T., A Bacha, S. B. Katragadda, A. K. Domati, Z. Amtul, and M. Kuncha. 2013. Pigeon pea seed husks as potent natural resource of anti- oxidant and anti- hyperglycaemic activity. Int. J. Green Pharm.. 7:252–257.
Blosis, M. S. 1958. Antioxidant determination by the use of stable free radical. Nature. 81:1199–2000.
Chutrtong, J. dan Bussabun, T. 2014. Preparation of Tempeh spore Powder by Freeze Drying. World academy of science, engineering and technology. Interntional journal or biological. Veterinary, agricultural and food engineering. Vol :8 No 1. 2014.
Faris, D.G., Singh, U., 1990. Pigeon pea: Nutrition and products. In: Nene, Y.L., Hall, S.D., Sheila, V.K. (Eds.). The Pigeon pea. Wallingford, UK. CAB International.
Faris, D.G., Saxena, K.B., Mazumdar, S., Singh, U., 1987. Vegetable pigeon pea: A promising crop for India. Patancheru, A.P., India: ICRISAT.
Gülçin, I.; Oktay, M.; Küfrevioglu, Ö. I.; Aslan, A. 2002. Determination of antioxidant activity of lichen Cetraria islandica (L). Ach. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2002, 79, 325-329.
Harborne, J. B. 1987. Metode Fitokimia Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan. Bandung. ITB.
Levine, R. L., Berlett, B. S. and Stadtman, E. R. 1996. Methionin residue as endogenous antioxidants in protein. Proc. Narl. Acad. Sci. USA.
Matés, J..M., Aledo, JC., Pérez-Gómez, C., del Valle, A.C., Segura, J.M. 1999. Interrelationship between oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities: an easy and rapid experimental approach. Biochemichal education. DOI: 10.1111/j.15393429.2000.tb00031.x28:93-5
Pokorný J. 1986. Addition of antioxidants for food stabilization to control oxidative rancidity. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 4: 299–307.
Roelofsen,P. A. and A. Thalens. 1964. Changes in Some B vitamins During Molding of Soybeans by Rhizopus oryzae in the Production of Tempeh Kedelai. J. Food. Sci. 29:224.
Ryan, J. G. 1998. Pigeon pea Improvement. ACIAR Projects 8201 and 8567. Trendsetting. Canberra.
Van der Maeson, L. J. G. (1995). "Pigeon pea Cajanus cajan", pp. 251–5 in Smartt, J. and Simmonds, N. W. (eds.), Evolution of Crop Plants. Essex: Longman
Wang, H.J. and P. A. Murphy. 1996. Mass Balance study of isoflavones during soybean processing. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. Vol. 44. Pp. 2377-2383.