UJI EKSTRAK BATANG PISANG KULTIVAR SUSU (Musa paradisiaca L.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Nyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor penyakit yang sampai saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan di Negara Indonesia. Tubuh Aedes aegypti betina terkandung virus dengue yang menyebabkan penyakit demam berdarah dengue. Batang pisang kultivar susu mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin, saponin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan ekstrak batang pisang kultivar susu (Musa paradisiaca L.) terhadap mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. (2) Untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak batang pisang kultivar susu (Musa paradisiaca L.) yang diperlukan untuk dapat membunuh 50% (LC50%) dan 90% larva Aedes aegypti pada penelitian ini. Variasi perlakuan dalam penelitian ini ada 4 yaitu ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 0%,25%,50%,75%. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental semu menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh larva hasil perkembangbiakan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah larva yang memiliki umur yang sama yaitu pada larva instar III. Total sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 240 larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III hasil kolonisasi. Dalam tahapan metode pengumpulan data akan didapatkan data persentase mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti terhadap pemberian ekstrak batang pisang kultivar susu pada konsentrasi yang berbeda selama 48 jam. Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dapat dinyatakan bahwa (1) terdapat perbedaan mortalitas larva nyamuk Aedes ageypti terhadap pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak batang pisang susu yang berbeda. Berdasarkan hasil uji hayati, ekstrak batang pisang kultivar susu terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti menunjukan bahwa (2) LC 50 berada pada konsentrasi 40,085% dan LC 90 berada pada konsentrasi 69,302%.
Kata Kunci : Ekstrak batang pisang kultivar susu, mortalitas, larva Aedes aegypti

Aedes aegypti was a vector of disease that still be a problem in Indonesia. Sometimes The female of Aedes aegypti contained dengue virus that causes dengue fever. Banana stem milk cultivated varieties contains secondary metabolites such as tannins, saponins and flavonoids. The purposes of this research were (1) to analyze the differences in mortality larvae of Aedes aegypti with the extract of banana stem milk cultivated varities with different concentration. (2) To determine the concentration of banana stem milk cultivated varities (Musa paradisiaca L.) that is used to kill 50% (LC50%) and 90% of Aedes aegypti larvae. There were four variation of treatmen in this research it was 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%. This research was an experimental research which used Complete Random Design. The population in this research were all the result of colonization larvae of Aedes aegypti. While the samples were the larvae that have same age, that was at the third instar larvae. Total samples in this study were 240 instar III larvae of Aedes aegypti, as a results of colonization. Data collection methods will be obtained data was the percentage of mortality Aedes aegypti’s larvae toward the giving of banana stem milk cultivated varities extract at different concentrations for 48 hours. The result of hypothesis test using the Kruskal Wallis can be stated that (1) There are differences in the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae, toward the giving of banana stem milk cultivated varities with different concentrations. Based on the results of biological testing, Banana stem milk cultivated varities against Aedes aegypti larvae show that (2) LC 50 is at a concentration of 40,085% and LC 90 is at a concentration of 69,302%
keyword : : Extract of banana stem milk cultivated varities, mortality, Aedes aegypti larvae