MODEL MENTAL SISWA TENTANG TERMOKIMIA

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan profil model mental dan faktor-faktor penyebab terbentuknya model mental alternatif siswa kelas XI tentang termokimia di SMA Negeri Bali Mandara. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methods jenis sekuensial. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, pemberian tes hasil belajar dua tingkat, dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasarkan hubungan antara jawaban siswa dan argumentasinya dengan melibatkan tiga level kimia. Teknik analisis data hasil wawancara meliputi tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profil model mental siswa kelas  XI tentang termokimia, meliputi 1,94 % model mental ilmiah dan 98,05% model mental alternatif, yang terdiri atas 28,19% miskonsepsi khusus dan 69,86% benar sebagian. Faktor-faktor penyebab terbentuknya model mental alternatif pada pikiran siswa, meliputi rendahnya minat belajar siswa, kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang termokimia, kurangnya perhatian siswa ketika pembelajaran, metode mengajar yang diterapkan guru tidak mencankup tiga level kimia dan padatnya kegiatan sekolah.

Kata-kata kunci : termokimia, model mental, model mental alternatif.

Abstract

This research was aimed describe and explain the profile of the mental models and the factors that cause the formation of alternative mental models of class XI students about thermochemistry at Bali Mandara High School. This research uses a sequential type mixed methods. Data collection was carried out by observation, giving two-level learning outcomes tests, and interviews. Data analysis is carried out descriptively, based on the relationship between student answers and their arguments involving three chemical levels. The technique of analyzing data from interviews includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this research indicate that the profile of the mental model of class XI students about thermochemistry includes 1.94% of the scientific mental model and 98.05% of the alternative mental models, which consist of 28.19% special misconceptions and 69.86% are partly correct. Factors that cause the formation of alternative mental models on the minds of students, including the low interest in student learning, lack of student understanding of thermochemistry, lack of attention of students when learning, teaching methods applied by teachers do not cover three chemical levels and the density of school activities.

Key words: thermochemistry, mental models, alternative mental models.