Indonesian Higher Education Institutions Competitiveness and Digital Transformation Initiatives

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v11i1.34263

Keywords:

ndemic, Higher Education, Challenges, Impact, Opportunities

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing unexpected challenges for all education systems. Several online platforms launched by the Ministry of Education and Culture maximize available e-learning solutions and further develop lecturers' digital skills and competencies. This study aims to analyze the comparative needs of Indonesia's current digital higher education environment and conduct an in-depth study of digital learning in Indonesia's higher education environment. This study also outlines the mitigation plans, innovative strategies adopted, and implications and recommendations for universities in Indonesia. The research method uses discourse analysis with literature and news sources to assess the impact, challenges, and opportunities of higher education during the pandemic in Indonesia. This study found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on higher education in Indonesia; Both lecturers and students at universities face many challenges in the teaching and learning process. The effect is worse in Eastern Indonesia due to poor internet connectivity for online learning. In terms of mitigating online learning, the impact is still unknown. The limitations of this study are that the literature and news studies are not comprehensive because the current pandemic crisis has not ended. This study can provide an overview of the limitations of a more empirical study that will be carried out on how the current crisis affects the learning process of higher education in Indonesia.

References

Abbasi, S., Ayoob, T., Malik, A., & Memon, S. I. (2020). Perceptions of students regarding E-learning during Covid-19 at a private medical college. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2766.

Al Fariz, A. B., & Lestari, C. A. (2020). Does Internet Usage Frequency Give Impact To Student’s Academic Performance? Indonesian Journal of Educational Assesment. https://doi.org/10.26499/ijea.v3i1.57.

Alchamdani, Fatmasari, Anugrah, E. R., Sari, N. P., Putri, F., & Astina. (2020). The Impact Of Covid19 Pandemic On Online Learning Process In The College At Southeast Sulawesi. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 12(1), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v12i1si.

Anggriani, A., Sarwi, S., & Masturi, M. (2020). The Effectiveness of Guided Discovery in Distance Learning to Improve Scientific Literacy Competencies of Primary School Students. Journal of Primary Education, 9(5), 454–462. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v9i4.42600.

Bervell, B., & Arkorful, V. (2020). LMS-Enabled Blended Learning Utilization in Distance Tertiary Education: Establishing the Relationships Among Facilitating Conditions, Voluntariness of Use and Use Behaviour. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-0183-9.

Bokayev, B., Torebekova, Z., Abdykalikova, M., & Davletbayeva, Z. (2020). Exposing policy gaps: the experience of Kazakhstan in implementing distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 15(2), 275–290. https://doi.org/10.1108/TG-07-2020-0147.

Buana, D. R. (2020). Analisis Perilaku Masyarakat Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Virus Corona (Covid-19) dan Kiat Menjaga Kesejahteraan Jiwa. SALAM: Jurnal Sosial Dan Budaya Syar-I, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v7i3.15082.

Dahlstrom-Hakki, I., Alstad, Z., & Banerjee, M. (2020). Comparing synchronous and asynchronous online discussions for students with disabilities: The impact of social presence. Computers and Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103842.

Daniel, S. J. (2020). Education and the COVID-19 pandemic. Prospects. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3.

Dewantara, J. A., & Nurgiansah, T. H. (2020). Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi COVID 19 Bagi Mahasiswa Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(1), 367–375. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v5i1.669.

Divanoglou, A., Chance-Larsen, K., Fleming, J., & Wolfe, M. (2018). Physiotherapy student perspectives on synchronous dual-campus learning and teaching. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.3460.

Djamdjuri, S., Dewi, & Kamilah, A. (2020). Whatsapp Media in Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic. English Journal, 14(2), 69. https://doi.org/10.32832/english.v14i2.3792.

Durnali, M. (2020). The effect of self-directed learning on the relationship between self-leadership and online learning among university students in Turkey. Tuning Journal for Higher Education, 8(1), 129–165. https://doi.org/10.18543/tjhe-8(1)-2020pp129-165 Received.

El Refae, G. A., Kaba, A., & Eletter, S. (2021). Distance learning during COVID-19 pandemic: satisfaction, opportunities and challenges as perceived by faculty members and students. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, ahead-of-p(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-08-2020-0128.

Eua-arporn, B. (2020). Chulalongkorn university announcement guidelines for the studying, teaching and researching of staff members, students and foreign participants during the cautious period of COVID-19 pandemic.

Faizah, U., Ambarwati, R., & Rahayu, D. A. (2021). From offline to online learning: Various efforts to secure the learning process during covid-19 outbreaks. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1747(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1747/1/012002.

Gafurov, I. R., Ibragimov, H. I., Kalimullin, A. M., & Alishev, T. B. (2020). Transformation of higher education during the pandemic: Pain points. Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii. https://doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-10-101-112.

Grunt, E. V., Belyaeva, E. A., & Lissitsa, S. (2020). Distance education during the pandemic: New challenges to Russian higher education. Perspektivy Nauki i Obrazovania. https://doi.org/10.32744/pse.2020.5.3.

Hamid, R., Sentryo, I., & Hasan, S. (2020). Online learning and its problems in the Covid-19emergency period. Jurnal Prima Edukasia, 8(1), 86–95. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpe.v8i1.32165.

Hamid, S. N. M., Lee, T. T., Taha, H., Rahim, N. A., & Sharif, A. M. (2021). E-Content Module For Chemistry Massive Open Online Course (Mooc): Development And Students’ Perceptions. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 11(1), 67–92. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1074.

Hampton, K., Fernandez, L., Robertson, C., & Bauer, J. M. (2020). Broadband and Student Performance Gaps. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3614074.

Huang, Y. (2020). Research on Online Education in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Advances in Education Research, 5(2), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.22606/jaer.2020.52005.

Hutauruk, A., & Sidabutar, R. (2020). Kendala pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi di kalangan mahasiswa pendidikan matematika: Kajian kualiatatif deskriptif. Journal of Mathematics Education and Applied, 02(01), 45–51. https://doi.org/10.36655/sepren.v2i1.364.

Karadag, E., Su, A., & Ergin-Kocaturk, H. (2021). Multi-level analyses of distance education capacity, faculty members’ adaptation, and indicators of student satisfaction in higher education during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00291-w.

Lampong Klomkul, P. (2021). Technological Innovation for Online Learning during the Situation of COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand. Psychology and Education Journal. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.949.

Mahaisavariya, B. (2020). Guideline for educational and other activities in Mahidol university during the lockdown lift of the COVID-19 monitoring measures.

Marshman, E., Sayer, R., Henderson, C., Yerushalmi, E., & Singh, C. (2018). The challenges of changing teaching assistants’ grading practices: Requiring students to show evidence of understanding. Canadian Journal of Physics. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0030.

Masrom, M. B., Busalim, A. H., Abuhassna, H., & Mahmood, N. H. N. (2021). Understanding students’ behavior in online social networks: a systematic literature review. In International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00240-7.

Mishra, L., Gupta, T., & Shree, A. (2020). Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Educ Res Open 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012.

Morrison, D., Lichtenwald, K., & Tang, R. (2020). Extending the online focus group method using web-based conferencing to explore older adults online learning. International Journal of Research and Method in Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2019.1594183.

Mufaziah, E., & Fauziah, P. (2020). Kendala Orang Tua dalam Mendidik Anak Usia Dini pada Saat Pandemi Covid 19. Jurnal Obsesi, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.746.

Mulyanto, B. S., Sadono, T., Koeswanti, H. D., Dasar, S., Wonodoyo, N., Tengah, J., Kristen, U., Wacana, S., & Tengah, J. (2020). Evaluation of Critical Thinking Ability with Discovery Lerning Using Blended Learning Approach in Primary School. Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 9(2), 78–84. https://doi.org/10.15294/jere.v9i2.46135.

Muradi, A., Islam, U., Antasari, N., & Kalimantan, S. (2021). Revitalization of Education for Children in Indonesian Families During the Covid-19 Pandemic. İlköğretim Online, 20(3), 481–490. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2021.03.48.

Nainggolan, A. P., & Manalu, R. B. B. (2021). Pengaruh Penggunaan Google Classroom Terhadap Efektifitas Pembelajaran. Journal Coaching Education Sports, 2(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.31599/jces.v2i1.515.

Nartiningrum, N., & Nugroho, A. (2021). English Teachers’ Perspectives on Challenges, Suggestions, and Materials of Online Teaching amidst the Global Pandemic. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 1(1), 101–119. https://doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v1i1.17886.

Neroni, J., Meijs, C., Leontjevas, R., Kirschner, P. A., & de Groot, R. H. M. (2018). Goal orientation and academic performance in adult distance education. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 19(2), 192–208. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v19i2.3440.

Padmo, D., Terbuka, U., Ardiasih, L. S., & Terbuka, U. (2020). The Impact Of COVID19 On The International Education System. The Impact Of COVID19 On The International Education System, February 2021. https://doi.org/10.51432/978-1-8381524-0-6.

Primasari, I. F. N. D., & , Zulela, F. (2019). Model Mathematics Realistic Education (RME) Pada Materi Pecahan di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v5i4.1115.

PwC. (2020). Prolonged crisis and recovery periods will drive greater localisation, online learning and financial austerity.

Rinekso, A. B., & Muslim, A. B. (2020). Synchronous online discussion : Teaching English in higher education amidst the covid-19 pandemic. JEES (Journal of English Educators Society), 5(2), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v5i2.646.

Ro’fah, R., Hanjarwati, A., & Suprihatiningrum, J. (2020). Is Online Learning Accessible During COVID-19 Pandemic? Voices and Experiences of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Students with Disabilities. In Nadwa (Vol. 14, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.21580/nw.2020.14.1.5672.

Sadikin, A., Hamidah, A., Pinang, K., Jl, M., Ma, J., Km, B., Indah, M., Jaluko, K., Kode, K. M., & Indonesia, P. (2020). Pembelajaran Daring di Tengah Wabah Covid-19 ( Online Learning in the Middle of the Covid-19 Pandemic ). 6(1), 214–224.

Selfi, G., Prodi, A., Pancasila, P., & Kewarganegaraan, D. (2021). Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Berbasis E-learning Masa Covid-19 pada Mahasiswa Tahun Masuk 2020 PPKn UNP. Journal of Civic Education, 4(3), 212–218. https://doi.org/10.24036/JCE.V4I3.543.

Sindiani, A. M., Obeidat, N., Alshdaifat, E., Elsalem, L., Alwani, M. M., Rawashdeh, H., Fares, A. S., Alalawne, T., & Tawalbeh, L. I. (2020). Distance education during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study among medical students in North of Jordan. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 59, 186–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AMSU.2020.09.036.

Suhery, S., Putra, T. J., & Jasmalinda, J. (2020). Sosialisasi Penggunaan Aplikasi Zoom Meeting Dan Google Classroom Pada Guru Di Sdn 17 Mata Air Padang Selatan. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 1(3), 129–132. https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v1i3.90.

Sujarwo, S., Sukmawati, S., Akhiruddin, A., Ridwan, R., & Suharti Siradjuddin, S. S. (2020). An Analysis of University Students’ Perspective On Online Learning in The Midst of Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 53(2), 125. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpp.v53i2.24964.

Suprayogie, D. R., & Hakim, L. (2021). Pengaruh Pembelajaran E-Learning Terhadap Mutu Belajar Dengan Mutu Proses Belajar Mengajar Sebagai Variabel Intervening Mata Kuliah Perbankan Syariah. Jurnal Pendidikan, 9(2), 24–35. https://doi.org/10.36232/PENDIDIKAN.V9I2.889.

Suputra, D. (2021). Teaching English Through Online Learning (A Literature Review). The Art of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, 1(2), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.36663/tatefl.v1i2.104.

Syarifudin, A. S. (2020). Impelementasi Pembelajaran Daring Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Sebagai Dampak Diterapkannya Social Distancing. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia Metalingua, 5(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.21107/METALINGUA.V5I1.7072.

Times, T. S. (2015). Universities adopting “flipped classroom” learning singapor. The Straits Times.

Tosepu, R., Effendy, D. S., & Ahmad, L. O. A. I. (2020). THE FIRST CONFIRMED CASES OF COVID-19 IN INDONESIAN CITIZENS. Public Health of Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.36685/phi.v6i2.337.

Tufan, Z. K., Tufan, Z. K., & Tufan, Z. K. (2020). COVID-19 diaries of higher education during the shocking pandemic. In Gazi Medical Journal. https://doi.org/10.12996/gmj.2020.61.

Ulfa, Z. D., & Mikdar, U. Z. (2020). Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Perilaku Belajar, Sosial dan Kesehatan bagi Mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Palangka Raya. JOSSAE : Journal of Sport Science and Education, 5(2), 124. https://doi.org/10.26740/jossae.v5n2.p124-138.

Windhiyana, E. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Kegiatan Pembelajaran Online Di Perguruan Tinggi Kristen Di Indonesia. Perspektif Ilmu Pendidikan, 34(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.21009/pip.341.1.

Xiong, W., Mok, K. H., Ke, G., Oi, J., & Cheung, W. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on International Higher Education and Student Mobility : Student Perspectives from Mainland China and Hong Kong. Centre for Global Higher Education, 105(August 2020), 101718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101718.

Yang, R. (2020). China’s higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic: some preliminary observations. Higher Education Research and Development. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2020.1824212.

Yu, Z. (2021). The effects of gender, educational level, and personality on online learning outcomes during the COVID‑19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00252-3.

Yusuf, B. N. (2020). Are We Prepared Enough? A Case Study Of Challenges In Online Learning In A Private Higher Learning Institution During The Covid-19 Outbreaks. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.75.8211.

Zalite, G. G., & Zvirbule, A. (2020). Digital readiness and competitiveness of the EU higher education institutions: The COVID-19 pandemic impact. Emerging Science Journal. https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2020-01232.

Zawacki-Richter, O., & Naidu, S. (2016). Mapping research trends from 35 years of publications in Distance Education. Distance Education, 37(3), 245–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2016.1185079.

Downloads

Published

2022-02-26

Issue

Section

Articles