IMPLEMENTASI DESENTRALISASI DALAM KERANGKA NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v8i1.44063Keywords:
desentralisasi, otonomi daerah, negara kesatuan.Abstract
Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia dibagi atas daerah-daerah provinsi. Daerah provinsi itu dibagi lagi atas daerah kabupaten dan daerah kota. Setiap daerah provinsi, daerah kabupaten, dan daerah kota mempunyai pemerintahan daerah yang diatur dengan undang-undang. Pemerintahan daerah provinsi, daerah kabupaten, dan kota mengatur dan mengurus sendiri urusan pemerintahan menurut asas otonomi dan tugas pembantuan. Desentralisasi merupakan bentuk relasi pusat dan daerah dalam kerangka negara kesatuan. Dalam negara kesatuan, seluruh bagian negara dikelola oleh pemerintah pusat. Karena luas wilayah dan karakter daerah yang luas, disamping keterbatasan pemerintah pusat untuk menangani seluruh urusan pemerintahan yang menjamin pelayanan publik, maka beberapa urusan diserahkan ke pemerintahan daerah. Hal ini berbeda dengan bentuk federal dimana bagian dari negara federal pada dasarnya adalah negara-negara bagian yang menyatu menjadi satu negara. Urusan yang tidak bisa dilakukan negara bagian, misalnya yang menyangkut hubungan lintas negara bagian, diserahkan ke pemerintah federal. Jika pada negara kesatuan kewenangan yang diberikan ke daerah merupakan pemberian pemerintah pusat, dalam negara federal urusan pemerintah federal disepakati diantara negara-negara bagian.
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- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).