Analisis Penyerapan Energi Tabung Crash Ganda Variasi Bentuk Tabung Dalam Menggunakan Polycarbonate
Double Crash Tube Energy Absorption Analysis of Inner Tube Shape Variations Using Polycarbonate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jptm.v13i1.92763Keywords:
crashworthiness, metode elemen hingga, polycarbonate, tabung crash gandaAbstract
Tabung crash merupakan komponen penting dalam sistem keselamatan kendaraan yang berfungsi untuk menyerap energi benturan guna mengurangi dampak tabrakan terhadap penumpang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik crashworthiness dari crash box ganda yang terdiri dari tabung luar berbentuk lingkaran dan tabung dalam dengan variasi bentuk, yaitu bulat, segitiga, segiempat, segilima, segienam, segitujuh, dan segidelapan. Material yang digunakan adalah Polycarbonate yang memiliki kekuatan mekanik baik serta ketahanan terhadap panas dan benturan. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan metode elemen hingga dengan pembebanan aksial tipe tekanan pressure untuk mengevaluasi parameter crashworthiness, termasuk gaya maksimum, energi serap spesifik, dan efisiensi gaya tekan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tabung dalam berbentuk segitiga memiliki nilai total energi serap tertinggi sebesar 115.96 J dan energi serap spesifik terbaik sebesar 8.28 kJ/kg. Sedangkan tabung dalam berbentuk segitujuh memiliki energi serap terendah sebesar 96.09 J. Tabung dalam berbentuk segiempat memiliki gaya rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 2.82 kN. Berdasarkan hasil ini, tabung crash bagian dalam dengan bentuk segitiga dapat dikategorikan sebagai bentuk yang paling optimal dalam meningkatkan performa crashworthiness dari tabung crash ganda berbahan polycarbonate.
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