TENUN IKAT TRADISIONAL PADA KELOMPOK TENUN KAPO KALE DESA MANULONDO KECAMATAN NDONA KABUPATEN ENDE NTT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpkk.v2i1.2442Abstract
Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Jenis ragam hias tenun ikat tradisional; (2) Proses pembuatan tenun ikat tradisional dengan menggunakan pewarna alami; (3) Makna ragam hias dan fungsi tenun ikat.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Manulondo Kecamatan Ndona. Subyek penelitian yaitu pengrajin tenun ikat.Obyek penelitian adalah ragam hias tenun ikat tradisional, proses pembuatan serta makna ragam hias dan fungsi tenun ikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa,1) ragam hias yang ada di Desa Manulondo terdapat 16 ragam hias yaitu: Ragam Hias Jara Nggaja, Nggaja Sedetu, Nggaja Manu, Jara, Mata Karara, Soke Mata Ria, Soke Mata Lo’oSoke Mata Modhe, Soke Belle Kale, Pea Kanga, Rote Rego, Rote Koba, Rote Kopo, Mangga, One Mesadan Semba, 2) Proses pembuatan tenun ikat di Desa Manulondo hampir sama dengan daerah lain di Indonesia yakni menggunakan alat tenun sederhana dan pewarna alami. Proses pembuatan tenun ikat secara tradisional yaitu: Woe Lelu/menggulung benang, Dao Go’a/merentangkan benang lungsi, Meka Pette/ mengikat benang, Podo Ngili/pencelupan benang, Redu Perru/mencabut tali gebang, Pusi Mina/perminyakan, Kekku Toro/pencelupan warna merah, Dao Go’a/merentangkan benang, Pili Perru/mengatur benang Ae Ti/memberi kanji, dan Seda/menenun, 3) Makna ragam hias biasanya dikaitkan dengan penggunaan dalam upacara adat yang ada. Jenis ragam hias Nggaja dimaknai sebagai lambang kendaraan para dewa, ragam hias Jara dimaknai sebagai lambang kendaraan para arwah dan ragam hias semba dimaknai sebagai lambang kebesaran para Mosalaki dan Atalaki. Fungsi tenun ikat memliki dua fungsi yaitu fungsi pasif sebagai hiasan dan fungsi aktif dapat dilihat dari beberapa aspek kehidupan masyarakat seperti aspek sosial dikenakan saat upacara adat, aspek religi dikenakan pada saat upacara keagamaan, aspek ekonomi sebagai sumber penghasilan keluarga dan aspek estetika memiliki nilai yang tinggi dilihat melalui proses pembuatannya yang rumit.Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci: Ragam Hias, Tenun Ikat Tradisional, Pewarna Alami
Abstract This research aims at finding out: (1) Kinds of decorated variations of traditional strung woven; (2) Process of producing natural coloring based of traditional strung woven; (3) Meaning of decorated variations and function of strung woven. This study is conducted in Manulondo Village, Ndona Subdistrict. The subject of this research are weaver of strung woven and the object is decorated variation of traditional strung woven, the production process, and the function of strung woven. This study results that 1) There are 16 kinds of decorated variations in Manulondo Village which are Jara Nggaja, Nggaja Sedetu, Nggaja Manu, Jara, Mata Karara, Soke Mata Ria, Soke Mata Lo’oSoke Mata Modhe, Soke Belle Kale, Pea Kanga, Rote Rego, Rote Koba, Rote Kopo, Mangga, One MesaandSemba, 2) The production process of strung woven in Manulondo Village is nearly the same as other places in Indonesia which uses simple weaving machine and natural coloring process. The processes of producing strung woven in traditional way, namely, Woe Lelu/rolling up string, Dao Go’a/flinging out lungsi string, Meka Pette/ tying up the string, Podo Ngili/dying the string, Redu Perru/lifting out gebang rope, Pusi Mina/oiling, Kekku Toro/dying red color, Dao Go’a/flinging out string, Pili Perru/arranging stringAe Ti/giving starch, and the last isSeda/weaving. 3) The meaning of decorated variation is commonly related with its usage to tradition ceremony. The kinds of decorated variations of Nggaja is defined as the symbol of the vehicles of Gods, Jara decorated variation symbolizes as the souls’ vehicles, and Semba decorated variation means as the greatness symbol of MosalakiandAtalaki. The functions of strung woven can be divided into two, namely, passive function as it is seen as decoration and active function as it is established in life aspects, such as social aspect as it is used in tradition ceremony, religious aspect as people wear it for attending religious ceremony, economical aspect as it is beneficial for family finances, and estetical aspect which is high valuable as it is seen from the complexity of the production process.
keyword : Key words: Decorative, Traditional Weaving, Natural Dyes
Published
2014-02-27
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Jurnal BOSAPARIS : Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.