Improving Elementary School Student’s Critical Thinking Skills through HOTS-Based Mathematics Question
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v6i4.55892Keywords:
Critical Thinking, cohen’s kappa, HOTS, mathematicsAbstract
Students' critical thinking skills in elementary schools are still very low. There have been several attempts to improve the critical thinking skills of elementary school students through various learning methods. However, only a few studies have shown an increase in critical thinking skills of elementary school students through HOTS-based questions in Mathematics. This research aimed to analyses the effectiveness of the habituation method for HOTS-based mathematical questions in improving the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group made up of treatment and control classes. The participant in this study is involving two elementary schools with thirty-two students. The data collection techniques in this research were tests and documentation. Statistical techniques for descriptive and inferential analysis were used to examine the test-related data. The research demonstrated that the average critical thinking skills of experiment class students were higher than the control class with a positive average difference of 2.69. Based on this result, HOTS-based Mathematics questions are effective in improving the critical thinking skills of elementary school students.
References
Anisa, A. (2017). Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Melalui Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Potensi Lokal Jepara. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v3i1.8607.
Astuti, A. P., Aziz, A., Sumarti, S. S., & Bharati, D. A. L. (2019). Preparing 21st Century Teachers: Implementation of 4C Character’s Pre-Service Teacher through Teaching Practice. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1233(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1233/1/012109.
Azizah, M., Sulianto, J., & Cintang, N. (2018). Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar pada Pembelajaran Matematika Kurikulum 2013. Jurnal Penelitian PendidikanA & A (Semarang), 35(1), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpp.v35i1.13529.
Budiman, A., & Jailani, J. (2014). Pengembangan Instrumen Asesmen Higher Order Thinking Skill (Hots) Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Smp Kelas Viii Semester 1. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 1(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v1i2.2671.
Damaianti, V. S., Abidin, Y., & Rahma, R. (2020). Higher order thinking skills-based reading literacy assessment instrument: An Indonesian context. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v10i2.28600.
Delina, D., Afrilianto, M., & Rohaeti, E. E. (2018). Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis dan Self Confidence Siswa SMP Melalui Pendekatan Realistic Mathematic Education. JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif), 1(3), 281. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v1i3.p281-288.
Dockendorff, M., & Solar, H. (2018). ICT integration in mathematics initial teacher training and its impact on visualization: the case of GeoGebra. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 49(1), 66–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2017.1341060.
Fitrianawati, M., Sintawati, M., Marsigit, & Retnowati, E. (2020). Analysis toward relationship between mathematical literacy and creative thinking abilities of students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1521(3). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1521/3/032104.
Gopalan, M., Rosinger, K., & Ahn, J. B. (2020). Use of quasi-experimental research designs in education research: Growth, promise, and challenges. Review of Research in Education, 44(1), 218–243. https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X20903302.
Hidayah, I. R., Kusmayadi, T. A., & Fitriana, L. (2021). Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM): An Effort To Photograph Numeracy. Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, 11(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.20961/jmme.v11i1.52742.
Hussin, W. N. T. W., Harun, J., & Shukor, N. A. (2018). Problem Based Learning to Enhance Students Critical Thinking Skill via Online Tools. Asian Social Science, 15(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n1p14.
Ikhsan, M., Munzir, S., & Fitria, L. (2017). Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Metakognisi Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika melalui Pendekatan Problem Solving. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 6(2), 234. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v6i2.991.
Junika, N., Izzati, N., & Tambunan, L. R. (2020). Pengembangan soal statistika model PISA untuk melatih kemampuan literasi statistika siswa. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 9(3), 499–510. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v9i3.615.
Kivunja, C. (2014). Teaching students to learn and to work well with 21st Century skills: Unpacking the career and life skills domain of the new learning paradigm. International Journal of Higher Education, 4(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v4n1p1.
Kurniawati, L., Miftah, R., & Indriani, R. (2021). Improving students’ mathematical inductive reasoning ability through reflective learning Model. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1836(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1836/1/012071.
Kusumadewi, R. F., Ulia, N., & Ristanti, N. (2019). Efektivitas model pembelajaran discovery learning terhadap kemampuan literasi matematika di sekolah dasar. Sekolah Dasar: Kajian Teori Dan Praktik Pendidikan, 28(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.17977/um009v28i12019p011.
Lu, K., Yang, H. H., Shi, Y., & Wang, X. (2021). Examining the key influencing factors on college students’ higher-order thinking skills in the smart classroom environment. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00238-7.
Maolidah, I. S., Ruhimat, T., & Dewi, L. (2017). Efektivitas Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom Pada Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa. Edutcehnologia, 3(2), 160–170. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/edutechnologia/article/view/9147.
Munawwarah, M., Laili, N., & Tohir, M. (2020). Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Keterampilan Abad 21. Alifmatika: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Matematika, 2(1), 37–58. https://doi.org/10.35316/alifmatika.2020.v2i1.37-58.
Prafitasari, F., Sukarno, S., & Muzzazinah, M. (2021). Integration of Critical Thinking Skills in Science Learning Using Blended Learning System. International Journal of Elementary Education, 5(2), 434. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i3.35788.
Pramitasari, K., Usodo, B., Subanti, S., Magister, P., Matematika, P., Sebelas, U., & Surakarta, M. (2019). Proses Pembelajaran Matematika Untuk Siswa Slow Learner Di Kelas Inklusi Smp Negeri 7 Klaten Kelas Viii. Jurnal Elektronik Pendidikan Matematika, 3(7), 777–786. https://jurnal.fkip.uns.ac.id/index.php/s2math/article/view/6494.
Pratama, G. S., & Retnawati, H. (2018). Urgency of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Content Analysis in Mathematics Textbook. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1097(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1097/1/012147.
Pratiwi, S. N., Cari, C., & Aminah, N. S. (2019). Pembelajaran IPA Abad 21 dengan Literasi Sains Siswa. Jurnal Materi Dan Pembelajaran Fisika (JMPF), 9(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.20961/jmpf.v9i1.31612.
Priyambodo, S., & Maryati, I. (2019). Peningkatan kemampuan literasi statistis melalui model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang dimodifikasi. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 8(2), 273–284. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v8i2.496.
Purawati, R., Hobri., & Fatahillah, A. (2016). Analisis Kemampuan Bepikir Kritis dalam menyelesaikan masalah persamaan Kuadrat pada pembelajaran Model Creative Problem Solving. Kadikma, 7(1), 84–93. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.35.791.
Risqi, E. N., & Rini Setianingsih. (2021). Statistical literacy of secondary school students in solving contextual problems taking into account the initial statistical ability. Mathematics Education Journal, 4(1), 43–54. https://doi.org/10.21067/pmej.v4i1.5285.
Rogers, J., & Revesz, A. (2019). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs. Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/334250281, 113.
Rubini, B., Septian, B., & Permana, I. (2019). Enhancing critical thinking through the science learning on using interactive problem based module. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1157(2). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/2/022001.
Sadaf, A., & Johnson, B. L. (2017). Teachers’ Beliefs About Integrating Digital Literacy Into Classroom Practice: An Investigation Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 33(4), 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/21532974.2017.1347534.
Septiyani, E., Ramdhan, B., & Juhanda, A. (2020). Profil Kemampuan Metakognitif Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Ipa Kelas Vii Di Smpn 13 Kota Sukabumi. Jurnal Biotek, 8(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.24252/jb.v8i1.13356.
Sumarno. (2019). Pembelajaran kompetensi abad 21 menghadapi era Society 5.0. Prosiding SEMDIKJAR (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran), 3, 272–287. http://ojs.semdikjar.fkip.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/SEMDIKJAR/article/view/28.
Suryawati, E., Suzanti, F., Suwondo, S., & Yustina, Y. (2018). The Implementation of School-literacy-Sovement: Integrating Scientific Literacy, Characters, and HOTS in ScienceLearning. Indonesian Journal of Biology Education, 4(3), 215–224. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v4i3.6876.
Susilowati, W. W., & Suyatno, S. (2021). Teacher competence in implementing higher-order thinking skills oriented learning in elementary schools. Premiere Educandum : Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Pembelajaran. https://doi.org/10.25273/pe.v11i1.7762.
Umbara, U., & Suryadi, D. (2019). Re-Interpretation of Mathematical Literacy Based on The Teacher’s Perspective. International Journal of Instruction, 12(4), 789–806. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12450a.
Yu, T. X., & Wan Mohammad, W. M. R. (2019). Integration of 21st Century Learning Skills (4C Elements) in Interventions to Improve English Writing Skill Among 3K Class Students. International Journal of Contemporary Education, 2(2), 100. https://doi.org/10.11114/ijce.v2i2.4498.
Yusuf, M. (2018). Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Siswa SD dengan Menerapkan Strategi Everyone Is A Teacher Here pada Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 2(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v2i1.13706.
Yusupova, N. G., & Skudareva, G. N. (2020). Ongoing education of math teachers and pisa quality assessment: From professional competence to the mathematical literacy of schoolchildren. Education and Self Development, 15(3), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.26907/esd15.3.17.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Anisa Dwi Rohmawati, Achmad Fathoni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with the International Journal of Elementary Education agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Access)
